How the Math Used in 19th-Century Heat Physics Helps LLMs Understand Sentences
This post explains how 19th-century mathematical techniques developed by Joseph Fourier using sine and cosine waves are applied in modern transformer models to give tokens positional context. The author demonstrates how word order dictates semantic meaning and how multi-speed rotational patterns provide bounded, scalable positional encodings. Ultimately, this mathematical structure helps attention mechanisms account for relative token distances during training.
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